Practical reference

Understand AI foundations, providers, and practical guides

Find a tool for the job, improve a prompt, or understand how a model works. Explore practical guides, provider summaries, and the ideas behind modern AI.

Recommended path

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01 Write a useful prompt State the task, context, constraints, and required output. 02 Improve and verify the result Inspect assumptions, correct failures, compare revisions, and check claims. 03 Understand the model lineage Follow the path from perceptrons and backpropagation to attention and GPT.

Procedures and examples

Practical guides

All guides

Code Prompt Cheatsheet

Quick-reference prompts for coding: debugging, refactoring, documentation, and …

Creative Writing Prompt Cheatsheet

Quick-reference prompt templates for storytelling, dialogue, style emulation, …

Image Prompt Cheatsheet

Find AI image prompt templates for photography, illustration, concept art, and …

Prompt Engineering Cheatsheet

Quick-reference prompt patterns for clear tasks, context, constraints, output …

Prompt Engineering for Code

Write coding prompts that include the code, failure, environment, constraints, …

Prompt Engineering for Creative Writing

Write creative prompts that define character, setting, conflict, form, and the …

Papers and architectures

Foundations

All foundations

Evolution of Model Architectures

A practical timeline of neural-network architecture, from the perceptron and …

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM): Hochreiter and Schmidhuber (1997)

How LSTM cells use gated state to learn long-range sequence dependencies, and …

Backpropagation: Rumelhart, Hinton, and Williams (1986)

How backpropagation uses the chain rule to train multilayer neural networks, and …

The Perceptron: Rosenblatt (1958)

How Rosenblatt's perceptron learns a linear decision boundary, why convergence …

Encoder-Decoder Models and Seq2Seq Learning

How encoder-decoder models map one variable-length sequence to another, from the …

Transformers: Attention Is All You Need (2017)

How the 2017 Transformer replaces recurrence with self-attention, including its …

Dated reference

Provider directory

Compare AI companies, development tools, hosting platforms, and automation services. Each profile shows when it was last checked and whether the product is active, renamed, acquired, or discontinued.

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Historical record

News archive

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2026-09-30 Runway Ads begins an enterprise pilot for ad creation and testing
2026-09-29 Perplexity Computer adds scheduled and event-triggered work
2026-09-29 GPT-6.1 Sol lowers cached-input costs for agent workflows